They were almost absent from Ohio until 2009. But since then, the number of blacklegged ticks found in Ohio has grown significantly. The bad news: Blacklegged ticks carry Lyme disease.
A new study conducted by Ohio State University and the Ohio Department of Health has found that blacklegged ticks and Lyme disease are now an emerging public health concern in Ohio, as tick populations carrying the disease have become established, particularly in the eastern half of the state.
Ohio had a low incidence of human Lyme disease, which is largely attributed to the absence of the transmitting vector, the blacklegged deer tick, in the state, said Glen Needham, professor emeritus of entomology in the universitys College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences and one of the studys authors.
However, evidence presented in this study suggests that the blacklegged deer tick is becoming established in certain areas of Ohio.
The open-access paper was published June 2014 in the journal Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology.
Ticks are small arachnids that hang out along woodland edges, in woods, tall grass, weeds and underbrush. Like mosquitoes, ticks feed on the blood of birds, reptiles and mammals, including humans and pets. In doing so, ticks can transmit a variety of diseases, such as Rocky Mountain spotted fever and Lyme disease.
Lyme disease causes flu-like symptoms such as fatigue, fever, headache, and muscle and joint aches. It often produces a distinctive large, circular red rash that looks like a bulls-eye. When caught early, the disease can be successfully treated with antibiotics. Though not known to be fatal, the disease can progress to chronic arthritis, neurological symptoms and cardiac problems if left untreated. Lyme disease is caused by an agent known as Borrelia burgdorferi, which is found primarily in the white-footed mouse. Blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis) pick up the disease-causing agent from the mice and serve as vectors, or carriers, of Lyme disease.